Contents

end

Contributors and Authors policies

Contributor may be defined as the researcher who played key roles from beginning to the end of the research. This forms the basis of authorship allocation. Special Journals policies require all contributors named as authors to play a major role from beginning to the end of article publication.

Thus, to be included as an author, our policies require researchers to have played a big role and made a reasonable contribution

1. Beginning
2. Design
3. Data collection
4. Data analysis,
5. Data interpretation,
6. Manuscript drafting
7. Manuscript revision
8. Approval of final version for publication
9. Be a team player
10. Consent to collective responsibility of post publication implications
11. Consent to participate actively in resolving post publication issues to confirm novelty
12. Corresponding author is responsible for working with the editorial office to ensure that all information from authors is provided from submission to publication of rejection
13. All contributors who did not meet authorship requirement are acknowledged
14. In most cases we include a short summary of authors contributions at the end of articles.

 Once article is submitted, in line with our policies, we expect the list of authorship not to change. However, if there is any reason for which the order must change this must be approved by all authors in a letter sent to the editorial office.

Subject to the approval of authors, and in line with our policies, we do not have say in the order of appearance of the authors as different arrangement means different things in different institutions

We expect the first author to be the initiator of the research, the last author to be the most senior member of the authorship list while the corresponding author should be the secretary

Appeals and Complaints

Appeals and complaints can come from authors, editors, reviewers who are not board members, members of the general public, and many more, regarding published contents, publication process, waivers, reprints, paper rejections and many more. These are lodged through our contacts, electronically or by snail mail as indicated. Our editorial assistant receives and hands over all such issues to our editorial managers who presents the issue for discussion during routine board meetings of the journal.

Because the unique construct of our journals from the beginning was designed in such a way that 3 disciplines were combined to make one journal, we have editorial coordinators instead of editor in chief. We have editorial managers, editorial assistants and coordinating editors in the editorial office that works with board members to discharge the duties of publishing to the stakeholders

We have 6 grades of decision we use to determine suitability of articles for publication in our journal listed below

1. Accept as it is
2. Accept with a minor correction
3. Accept with a major correction done to the satisfaction of the editorial office
4. reject in its present format to be reassessed after a major correction
5. Reject due to poor quality, out of scope, or any other reasons
6. Reject and never to be submitted in this journal

Decision 1-5 are appealable in which board of editors decides to move from 5 to 4 or to 3 or to 2 or to 1 as the case may be. Decision 6 is not appealable because it is made when the novelty, quality, impact, reproducibility and every other factor that makes research interesting is called to questions

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest is identified when factors such as employment, financial obligation, legal or social, donors of research materials, affiliations to legal entities, that may be affected by the result, Personal, political, religious, ideological, academic and intellectual conflicting relations, that may influence the results, and many more are strong or significant enough to influence the outcome of the research. Full disclosure is needed at the point of article submission to avoid bias. This information is important because stakeholders need to trust what they are reading is pure and true without bias.

Plagiarism

Rejections of papers sent to this journal due to plagiarism occur when authors add someone’s work or research as part of their work without full permission, acknowledgment, reference, or due citation. In most cases, it may be unintentional or intentional but such an act is largely frowned at by publishers and stakeholders as it speaks volumes regarding what type of information stakeholders wants from the database.

The awareness and campaign against plagiarism including so many free user-friendly software are so magnanimous that intentional plagiarism may have declined. Plagiarism is a dent in the novelty and quality of manuscripts and authors usually have the chance to defend or explain it.

Data repository and visibility

All authors are encouraged to deposited their published articles in their institutions of affiliation sites, social medial outlets, and other allied outlets in line with of repository and visibility policy to encourage wider coverage and readability, provided the the source is properly referenced

• You are free to share, adapt and retain our published articles on this site
• Share — copy and redistribute our published articles on this site in any medium or format
• Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon our published articles on this site for any purpose, even commercially.
• Retain – Special Journals Publisher cannot revoke these freedoms as long as users follow the license terms.

Data sharing and reproducibility

Authors are required to share data underpinning their research work publicly with readers and stakeholders when it does not violate protection of human subjects or other valid subject privacy concerns. All cited data must be quoted and all quoted data must be cited. Data availability statement defines how and where any data that will increase comprehension of articles published in the journal.

Ethical Oversight

In line with our policies, we accept evidence of institutional ethical approvals which know should cover certain things such as publication relating to vulnerable population, animal research, human research, informed consent issues, and many more depending on region and institutional peculiarities.

Intellectual Property and copy Rights

In line with our policies, Credit is given to whom credit is due and a worker deserves his pay. Our policies requires that authors retain the exclusive ownership of the outcome of their research novelty if it is to undergo patency. Institutional affiliations retain the credit for enabling the research to happen in their premises and probably providing enabling environment with associated sundry support where ever and whenever needed. We also retain the publication credit for the paper that is being patented

All copyrights for published articles under the CCBY 4.0 license are retained by the authors, while our publishers retain the copyrights of every other contents in our website. Unless otherwise stated all other copy rights of the documents we published as strictly reserved

Post publication services

In line with our policies,, should there be any fatal error discovered after an article is published, our policies require that this observation should be sent to the editorial office where the editorial assistant, editorial manager and Coordinating Editor receives and process it for the attention of the editorial board. Provided that the integrity of the research is not in doubt, our policies requires that If the observed correction involves an error, omission that can influence the interpretation of the result of the paper or an ambiguous statement that can be misinterpreted or misleading content and many more, then the coordinating editor pays attention to this issue.

Retraction

In line with our policies, we try our possible best to avoid this from happening, there are many a times when they become unavoidable where major error is pointed out, that has to do with analysis, methods or designs of the study or someone disagrees with the conclusion and therefore demand attention to be paid to such section. Other issues in line with our policies, may be adequate ethical approval, made-up date, clean, sharp but wrong images, plagiarism, duplication, misconduct and many more. Authors, institutions and supervisors or any relevant stakeholder may request retraction and these would be considered in case-by-case bases.

In line with our policies, and unless the nature of the issue is very serious before an article is removed in line with our policies. Otherwise, authors are encouraged to update their manuscripts with the issues raised and send same to the editorial office for consideration and after which it is published as new version with the appropriate redirect. We can also publish addenda with appropriate redirect to lead authors to the new version for updated research results